Clarifying causal effects of interest and underlying assumptions in randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials in oncology using directed acyclic graphs and single world intervention graphs.

Tanaka S, Muramatsu Y, Inoue K. (2024) Clarifying causal effects of interest and underlying assumptions in randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials in oncology using directed acyclic graphs and single world intervention graphs. JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics. e2300262.